Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Sergio G. Lazzarini Author-Name-First: Sergio G. Author-Name-Last: Lazzarini Author-Name: Aldo Musacchio Author-Name-First: Aldo Author-Name-Last: Musacchio Title: Leviathan as a Minority Shareholder: A Study of Equity Purchases by the Brazilian National Development Bank (BNDES), 1995-2003 Abstract: There is growing interest in how governments shape industries and influence firm performance. Using a database of 296 firms traded on the São Paulo stock exchange between 1995 and 2003, we find having BNDES (the Brazilian National Development Bank) as a minority owner to increase firms’ return on assets. This result is possibly due to the reduction in capital constraints provided by BNDES’ long-term equity. However, we find that the effect of BNDES’ equity is reduced when it is associated with state-owned and private-domestic pyramidal groups. Thus, our results suggest that minority stakes by a development bank can have a positive effect on performance as long as they promote long-term investments and are shielded from governmental interference and potential minority shareholder expropriation. Length: 29 pages Creation-Date: 2010 Order-URL: https://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/5831 File-URL: https://repositorio.insper.edu.br/handle/11224/5831 File-Format: text/html File-Function: Full text Number: 095 Handle: RePEc:aap:wpaper:095